Dictionary of Technical Terms - K

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K

K
Kelvin.
k
Kilo. One thousand.
kA
Kiloampere.
KADENZA™
A Grass Valley Group digital video switcher with layering and image manipulation capabilities.
KALEIDOSCOPE™
A Grass Valley Group digital effects system.
KALEIDOSCOPE™ Channel
Hardware capable of processing one layer of video with all of the Kaleidoscope video features including 3-D transformations and Kaleidoscope special effects (wipes, keys, recursive effects, mosaics, etc.).
key
1. Also called key source or key cut. A signal that can be used to electronically "cut a hole" in a video picture to allow for insertion of other elements such as text or another video image. The key signal is a switching or gating signal for controlling a video mixer which switches or mixes between the background video and the inserted element. 2. The composite effect created by cutting a hole in one image and inserting another image into the hole.
key accumulation
Simultaneous use of more than one key source and/or fill in a single keyer.
key auto drop
A keyer feature that allows automatic removal of a downstream key from air by pressing an appropriate crosspoint pushbutton.
key breakaway
See key split.
key bus
A video switcher crosspoint bus used to select key sources (hole cutters) and/or key fills. Signals available to the key bus are typically the same sources and fills that are supplied to the other switcher crosspoint buses plus additional external key sources and fills.
key channel
A channel of a digital picture manipulator that is used for manipulating key signals while the corresponding key fill video is manipulated by another channel.
key clip and gain
See clip or gain.
key cut
See key.
key edger (Borderline(R))
A device or circuit that produces border effects around the edges of a key.
keyer
An electronic circuit that creates a control signal to control a video multiplier based on selective information contained in a video signal.
key fill
In key effects, the video signal that is said to "fill the hole" cut in the background video by the key source.
key frame (keyframe)
An effect that has been stored in memory, similar to a snapshot photograph. Individual key frames can be strung together to create an overall key frame effect, which is similar to animation.

key frame current effect space
The memory space used to store a key frame effect as you create or edit it.
key frame effect
An overall effect consisting of a series of effects snapshots called key frames. When the overall effect is replayed, the machine (switcher, DPM, etc.) automatically and gradually dissolves from one key frame to the next. A process called inbetweening defines what happens between key frames. The result is a moving animation effect.
keying
See key.
key invert
A luminance key mode that inverts the polarity of the key source to allow dark areas of the source video to cut holes in the background instead of bright areas. A chroma key mode that inverts the foreground and background positions.
KeyLink™
A video switcher feature that allows a key source to be selected at the switcher and then sent to a digital picture manipulator for manipulation. The manipulated key and fill video are then returned to the switcher's keyer for keying ("flying" a key) over background video.
key mask
See mask.
KEY-MEM(R)
A Grass Valley Group effects memory storage system that saves E-MEM effects onto a removable EEPROM shaped like a key.
key memory
The memorized key clip, gain, and key type selections for each key source.
key mix
A keyer feature that alternately fades a key in over background video or fades it out.
key modifiers
Control functions on a keyer that permit alteration of the key in some way, such as shadow, invert, mask, and edge effects.
key priority
A function that determines which key appears on top in video switching/keying systems having multiple keyers all on-air at the same time.
key separate
See key breakaway.
key source
The signal that is said to "cut a hole" in the background scene for a key effect. This signal controls a video mixer that switches between the background scene and the fill video; thus, the key source determines the shape of the key effect.
key split
A video switcher key mode in which one key bus button selects the hole cutter and a different key bus button selects the fill video. Also called split key or key breakaway.
key video
The key fill, key source, or both.
K factor
A specification rating method that gives a higher factor to video disturbances that cause the most observable picture degradation.
kHz (kilohertz)
One thousand hertz.
kilobaud (kbaud)
A unit of measurement of data transmission speed equalling one thousand baud. See baud.
kilobyte (kb)
One thousand twenty-four (1024) bytes (210).
kilogram
Unit of measure of weight. One kilogram equals 2.20 pounds.
kilohm (k ohm)
One thousand ohms.
K-Mask™
GVG name for a switcher Mask Bus, which allows signals from the wipe, key, and mask rectangle generators to cumulatively modulate (modify) wipes, keys, or mattes. Allows users to build custom key masks from a variety of sources.
KRYSTAL™ Digital Effects System
A digital picture manipulator made by GVG.
Kurl™
An option to the GVG Kaleidoscope™ Digital Picture Manipulator that provides such effects as page turns, page rolls, ripples, slits, and spheres.
kV
Kilovolt.
kVA
Kilovoltampere.
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